AI company Anthropic has revealed how governments, criminal groups and other actors allegedly misused its Claude AI models for activities ranging from biological research and weapons development to mass surveillance, espionage, cyberattacks and influence operations.

In a safety report covering incidents detected between December 2025 and August 2026, Anthropic said the cases involved suspected state-backed groups, financially motivated criminals, propaganda networks, spyware vendors and politically driven actors.

The company said Claude Haiku, Sonnet and Opus were used in the cases outlined. None involved Claude Fable or Mythos-class models, except for one distillation case. Anthropic said the examples represented some of the most notable and novel threat activity it had identified.

Anthropic said some of its most sensitive cases involved biological research by working scientists, including users it described as po...